Mucina salival en pacientes obesos en relación al tratamiento de la enfermedad periodontal / Salivary mucin in obese patients in relation to the treatment of periodontal disease

Introducción: La mucina salival (Ms) modula otras proteínas salivales que participan en múltiples funciones fisiológicas de la cavidad oral. Los niveles de Ms pueden proporcionar información sobre el estado de inflamación de los tejidos periodontales. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los niveles Ms en pacientes obesos y no obesos, antes y después del tratamiento periodontal. Material y métodos: Un total de 60 pacientes fueron distribuidos en seis grupos, de acuerdo al índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal (EP). Valores del IMC superiores a 27 correspondían a obesidad. La EP en el momento del diagnóstico se designó como leve, moderada o severa. Se recolectaron muestras de saliva completa, antes (MU-A) y después (MU-D) del tratamiento periodontal. Se evaluaron los niveles de Ms utilizando el método de Azul Alcian. Los resultados se analizaron con el Software InfoStat, mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: Los valores de MU-A fueron superiores a los contenidos de MU-D (p < 0.0001). Las variaciones entre los pacientes no obesos y obesos fueron mínimas. A medida que aumentó el nivel de la EP, las variables MU-A y MU-D mostraron una disminución progresiva (p = 0.0032). Conclusiones: El nivel de Ms fue mayor en la saliva de los pacientes con EP no tratada. Ms se puede utilizar como marcador inflamatorio para la detección de EP (AU)

Introduction: Salivary mucin (sM) modulates other salivary proteins that participate in multiple physiological functions of the oral cavity. sM levels can provide information on the state of inflammation of the periodontium. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate sM levels in obese and non-obese patients, before and after periodontal treatment. Material and methods: A total of 60 patients were distributed into six groups, according to the body mass index (BMI) and the severity of the periodontal disease (PD). BMI values higher than 27 corresponded to obesity. PD at the time of diagnosis was designated as mild, moderate, or severe. Complete saliva samples were collected before (MU-B) and after (MU-A) the periodontal treatment. sM levels were evaluated using the Alcian Blue method. The results were analyzed with the InfoStat Software, using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: MU-B values were higher than MU-A contents (p < 0.0001). Variations between non-obese and obese patients were minimal. As the level of PD increased, the variables MU-A and MU-D showed a progressive decrease (p = 0.0032). Conclusions: The level of sM was higher in the saliva of patients with untreated PD. sM can be used as an inflammatory marker for the detection of PD (AU)

Concentración de mucina salival en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal / Concentração de mucina salivar em pacientes com doença periodontal / Salivary mucin concentration in patients with periodontal disease

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la relación entre la concentración de mucina salival y la enfermedad periodontal. La muestra se dividió en tres grupos de 20 individuos cada uno: Grupo 1 sin enfermedad periodontal; Grupo 2 con gingivitis; y Grupo 3 con periodontitis. En todas las muestras salivales se confirmó la presencia de mucina, el Grupo 1 presentó un valor promedio de 1,27 mg/ml. En el Grupo 2 se registró un promedio de 1,93 mg/ml. En el Grupo 3 se observó un promedio de 3,01 mg/ml. El Análisis de la Variancia y posterior prueba de F (F = 25,01, p < 0,0001) confirman diferencias significativas en los contenidos de mucina entre grupos. El aumento de la concentración de mucina salival en pacientes periodontales podría representar un marcador químico de utilidad como coadyuvante en el diagnóstico clínico de esta enfermedad.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a relação entre a concentração de mucina salivar e a doença periodontal. A amostra foi dividida em três grupos de 20 indivíduos cada: Grupo 1 sem doença periodontal; Grupo 2 com gengivite; e Grupo 3 com periodontite. Em todas as amostras salivares foi confirmada a presença de mucina, o Grupo 1 apresentou valor médio de 1,27 mg / ml. No Grupo 2, foi registrada uma média de 1,93 mg / ml. No Grupo 3 foi observada uma média de 3,01 mg / ml. A Análise de Variância e o teste F subsequente (F = 25,01, p <0,0001) confirmam diferenças significativas nos conteúdos de mucina entre os grupos. O aumento da concentração de mucina salivar em pacientes periodontais pode representar um marcador químico útil como adjuvante no diagnóstico clínico desta doença.

Abstract This work aimed to study the relationship between salivary mucin concentration and periodontal disease. The sample was divided into three groups of 20 individuals each: Group 1 with no periodontal disease, Group 2 with gingivitis, and Group 3 with periodontitis. Mucin was detected in all the saliva samples. Group 1 had an average value of 1.27 mg/ml. Group 2 had an average value of 1.93 mg/ml. Group 3 had an average value of 3.01 mg/ml. The analysis of variance and subsequent F test (F = 25.01, p < 0.0001) confirmed significant differences in mucin content between the groups. Increased salivary mucin concentration in periodontal patients could be a useful chemical marker for the clinical diagnosis of periodontal disease.

Enemas with mesalazine increase the tissue contents of mucins in the colonic mucosa devoid of fecal stream

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the inflammatory reaction and measure the content of mucins, in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream submit to intervention with mesalazine. Methods: Twenty-four rats were submitted to a left colostomy and a distal mucous fistula and divided into two groups according to euthanasia to be performed two or four weeks. Each group was divided into two subgroups according daily application of enemas containing saline or mesalazine at 1.0 g/kg/day. Colitis was diagnosed by histological analysis and the inflammatory reaction by validated score. Acidic mucins and neutral mucins were determined with the alcian-blue and periodic acid of Schiff techniques, respectively. Sulfomucin and sialomucin were identified by high iron diamine-alcian blue technique. The tissue contents of mucins were quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the results establishing the level of significance of 5%. Results: Enemas with mesalazine in colonic segments without fecal stream decreased the inflammation score and increased the tissue content of all subtypes of mucins. The increase of tissue content of neutral, acid and sulfomucin was related to the time of intervention. Conclusion: Mesalazine enemas reduce the inflammatory process and preserve the content of mucins in colonic mucosa devoid of fecal stream.

Tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in colon mucosa without intestinal transit subjected to intervention with Curcuma longa (curcumin)

Abstract Purpose: To measure the tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content of the colon mucosa without fecal flow, subjected to intervention with curcumin, and the influence of the concentration used and the intervention time. Methods: Thirty-six rats were subjected to proximal right colostomy and distal mucous fistula. They were divided into two groups according to whether sacrifice was performed two or four weeks after the intervention. Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the enema applied daily: saline alone; curcumin at 50 mg/kg/day or curcumin at 200 mg/kg/day. Acid mucins were diagnosed using the Alcian blue technique. The mucin content was quantified by means of computer-assisted image analysis. The significance level of 5% was used throughout (p < 0.05). Results: There were dose-related increases in the quantities of sulfomucins in the animals subjected to interventions with curcumin, both after two weeks (p < 0.00001) and after four weeks (p < 0.00001). There were increases in sialomucin quantity that were concentration-related (p < 0.00001) and time-related (p < 0.00001). Conclusion: Curcumin enemas increase the quantity of acid mucins in the intestinal flow in the excluded colon, with dose and time dependency.

Acral papular mucinosis: a new case of this rare entity

Abstract Acral persistent papular mucinosis (APPM) is a rare subtype of localized lichen myxedematosus. It consists of small papules localized exclusively on the back of the hands, wrists and extensor aspects of distal forearms with no other clinical or laboratory manifestations. The lesions tend to persist and may increase slowly in number. Histologically, hematoxylin-eosin and Alcian blue staining demonstrate mucin accumulation in the upper reticular dermis with separation of collagen fibers as a result of hyaluronic acid deposition. Treatment is rarely necessary due to the absence of symptoms. We present a 27-year-old healthy woman with asymptomatic papules on her upper extremities, which adequately meet clinical and pathological criteria of acral papular mucinosis.

Análise morfométrica da parede intestinal e dinâmica de mucinas secretadas no jejuno de frangos suplementados com probiótico Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102 / Morphometric analysis of the intestinal wall and the dynamic of mucins secreted in the jejunum of broilers supplemented with Bacillus subtilis strain C3102

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a morfometria da parede intestinal e a dinâmica de mucinas secretadas no jejuno de frangos de corte suplementadas com probiótico Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102. Foram utilizados 720 pintinhos com um dia de vida, divididos em dois grupos: GA (Grupo controle) - aves alimentadas com ração sem suplementação de Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102 (1º ao 35º dia) e GB (Grupo tratado) - aves alimentadas com ração com suplementação de Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102 (1º ao 35º dia). Aos 7 e 35 dias 2cm do jejuno foram coletados e submetidos à rotina de processamento histológico. Cortes transversais de 1μm foram corados pela técnica do Alcian Blue (AB) para detecção de sialomucinas (pH 0,5) e sulfomucinas (pH 2,5), como também para contagem de células caliciformes presentes. A análise histoquímica revelou uma maior quantidade de sialomucinas presentes no jejuno dos animais que foram suplementados com probiótico Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102 (GB), quando comparados com os animais do grupo controle (GA). O número de células caliciformes presentes no grupo tratado (GB) foi superior ao grupo controle (GA).

The aim of this study was to analyze the morphology of the intestinal wall and the dynamics of mucins secreted in the jejunum of broilers supplemented with probiotic Bacillus subtilis strain C3102. We used 720 chicks with a day of life, divided into two groups: GA (control group) - birds fed diet without supplementation of Bacillus subtilis strain C3102 (1 to 35 days) and GB (treated group) - birds fed with supplementation of Bacillus subtilis strain C3102 (1 to 35 days). On the 7th and the 35th day, 2cm of jejunum were collected and submitted to histological processing. 1μm cross sections were stained by Alcian blue (AB) for detecting of sialomucins (pH 0.5) and sulphomucins (pH 2.5) as well as to count goblet cells. Histochemical analysis revealed a greater amount of sialomucins in the jejunum of animals that were supplemented with probiotic Bacillus subtilis strain C3102 (GB), when compared with the control group (GA). The number of goblet cells in the treated group (GB) was higher than the control group (GA).

Pretibial mucinosis in an euthyroid patient

Abstract A case of exuberant pretibial mucinosis in a patient with normal thyroid function is reported. A review of literature on possible etiologies other than thyroid disease for the accumulation of mucin in the pretibial area is presented. In the patient described, it is possible that vascular insufficiency is involved. However, this is not the only factor responsible for the accumulation of mucin, since there are still unidentified causes and many patients with vascular diseases do not develop similar injuries.

Comparison of salivary levels of mucin and amylase and their relation with clinical parameters obtained from patients with aggressive and chronic periodontal disease

Objective Salivary mucin and amylase levels are increased in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Due to the fact that aggressive periodontitis (AgP) not only differs from chronic periodontitis in terms of its clinical manifestation, the aim of this study was to compare salivary mucin and amylase levels and their relation to the clinical parameters of patients with aggressive periodontitis with that of patients with chronic periodontitis. Material and Methods Eighty subjects were divided into two groups: 20 patients with AgP and their 20 matched controls and 20 patients with CP and their 20 matched controls, based on clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Whole unstimulated saliva was obtained and mucin, amylase and protein were determined by colorimetric methods. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between salivary mucin, amylase and protein levels and the clinical parameters. Results Salivary mucin, amylase and protein levels were increased in patients with AgP and CP but there were no differences between them or between control groups. Pearson's correlation analysis, determined in the entire subjects studied, showed a positive and significant correlation of mucin, amylase and proteins with CAL and PPD and a negative correlation with the flow rate. When Pearson's correlation analysis was carried out in each group separately, Fisher's z transformation showed no significant difference between both groups. Conclusion Comparison of the salivary levels of mucin, amylase and protein and their relationship with clinical parameters of AgP patients with that of CP patients revealed no differences between both groups. .

Tissue content of sulfomucins and sialomucins in the colonic mucosa, without fecal stream, undergoing daily intervention with sucralfate

PURPOSE: To measure the content of acidic mucin, sialomucin, and sulfomucins in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream submit to intervention with sucralfate (SCF). METHODS: Thirty-six rats were submitted to a right colostomy and a distal mucous fistula and divided into two groups according to sacrifice to be performed two or four weeks. Each group was divided into three subgroups according daily application of enemas containing saline, SCF at 1.0 g/kg/day or 2.0 g/kg/day. Colitis was diagnosed by histological analysis. Acid mucins were determined with the Alcian-Blue and sulfomucin and sialomucin by high iron diamine-alcian blue (HID-AB) techniques. The mucins were quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Mann-Whitney and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the results establishing the level of significance of 5% for both (p<0.05). RESULTS: SCF enemas decreased the inflammation score and was related to the concentration used and time of the intervention. SCF at both concentrations increased the content of acid mucin, which was related to the concentration used and to the improvement in the inflammatory score. There was an increase in the content of sulfomucins and sialomucins in SCF groups. SCF increased sulfomucins from 2 weeks of intervention, which was not related to the dose or time of application. The increase in sialomucin content was related to the time and dose used in the intervention. CONCLUSION: Sucralfate increased the content of acidic mucins, primarily at the expense of sialomucin, which was affected by the dose and time of intervention. .

The role of intratumoral lymphovascular density in distinguishing primary from secondary mucinous ovarian tumors

OBJECTIVE: Ovarian mucinous metastases commonly present as the first sign of the disease and are capable of simulating primary tumors. Our aim was to investigate the role of intratumoral lymphatic vascular density together with other surgical-pathological features in distinguishing primary from secondary mucinous ovarian tumors. METHODS: A total of 124 cases of mucinous tumors in the ovary (63 primary and 61 metastatic) were compared according to their clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical profiles. The intratumoral lymphatic vascular density was quantified by counting the number of vessels stained by the D2-40 antibody. RESULTS: Metastases occurred in older patients and were associated with a higher proportion of tumors smaller than 10.0 cm; bilaterality; extensive necrosis; extraovarian extension; increased expression of cytokeratin 20, CDX2, CA19.9 and MUC2; and decreased expression of cytokeratin 7, CA125 and MUC5AC. The lymphatic vascular density was increased among primary tumors. However, after multivariate analysis, the best predictors of a secondary tumor were a size of 10.0 cm or less, bilaterality and cytokeratin 7 negativity. Lack of MUC2 expression was an important factor excluding metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: The higher intratumoral lymphatic vascular density in primary tumors when compared with secondary lesions suggests differences in the microenvironment. However, considering the differential diagnosis, the best discriminator of a secondary tumor is the combination of tumor size, laterality and the pattern of expression of cytokeratin 7 and MUC2. .

Evaluation of the application of enemas containing sucralfate in tissue content of neutral and acid mucins in experimental model of diversion colitis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of sucralfate on tissue content of neutral and acids mucins in rats with diversion colitis. METHODS: Thirty-six rats were submitted to a proximal right colostomy and a distal mucous fistula. They were divided into two groups according to sacrifice to be performed two or four weeks after intervention. Each group was divided into three subgroups according daily application of enemas containing saline, sucralfate at 1.0 g/kg/day or 2.0 g/kg/day. Colitis was diagnosed by histological analysis and neutral and acid mucins by Periodic Acid Schiff and Alcian Blue techniques, respectively. The contents of mucins were quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Student's t paired and ANOVA test were used to compare the contents of both types of mucins among groups, and to verify the variance with time, establishing level of signification of 5% for both (p<0.05). RESULTS: Enemas containing sucralfate improves the inflammation and increases the tissue contents of neutral and acid mucins. The content of neutral mucins does not change with the time or concentration of sucralfate used, while acid mucins increases with concentration and time of intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Sucralfate enemas improve the inflammatory process and increase the tissue content of neutral and acid mucins in colon without fecal stream. .

Follicular mucinosis - Case report

Follicular mucinosis, also known as alopecia mucinosa, is a cutaneous mucinosis histologically characterized by accumulation of dermal type mucin in the pilosebaceous follicle and sebaceous glands. It presents in two forms, a primary or idiopathic form and a secondary form associated with various benign or malignant processes. Among the malignant processes, the main association is with mycosis fungoides. The frequent overlap of clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular biology characteristics makes the correct classification of these conditions difficult, therefore a long follow-up of all cases is recommended. We report the case of an adolescent with disseminated lesions and discuss the difficulty of early identification of secondary follicular mucinosis associated with cutaneous lymphoma.

The esophagus of the crocodilian Caiman latirostris (Reptilia, Crocodylia ): histologia, histochemical, and immunohistochemical study

The purpose of this study was to analyze the esophageal morphology of Caiman latirostris using histochemicaland immunohistochemical techniques. The mucosae layer is composed of a pseudostratified columnarepithelium with goblet cells that occasionally form intra-epithelial glands. The goblet cells showed differentaffinity for the histochemical techniques. The lamina propria is composed of loose connective tissue with bloodvessels. The smooth muscle fibers that compose the muscularis mucosa are thick and form a clear demarcationbetween the mucosa layer and adjacent submucosa. There are no glands in the esophageal submucosa. Themuscle layer is composed a circular internal layer and a longitudinal external one. The adventitia layer iscomposed of loose connective tissue and blood vessels. The serotonin immunoreactive (IR) cells were notpreferentially distributed in any region of the epithelium, ranging from the base of the intra-epithelial gland tothe connection to the lumen. Somatostatina, glucagon and CCK IR cells were not detected.

Glandular odontogenic cyst: Report of an unusual bilateral occurrence.

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a recently recognized rare developmental odontogenic cyst having an aggressive behavior and accounting for 0.012% to 1.3% of all jaw cysts. GOC usually presents as a painless, slow-growing swelling that tends to affect the anterior part of the jaws. It chiefly occurs in the fourth and fifth decades of life and presents as an expansion of jaws with or without pain or paresthesia. Aggressive nature of the lesion has been reported, as supported by the fact that 25 to 55% of cases recur following curettage. So far only just over 113 cases of GOC have been reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of bilateral GOC in the posterior region of the maxilla, in a 29-year-old male patient, which is unique, being the first case of bilateral GOC to be reported in the literature.

Intestinal wall atrophy and increase of sulphomucin secretion in the jejunal epithelium of rats submitted to severe protein malnutrition / Atrofia de la pared intestinal y aumento de la secreción de sulfomucinas en el epitélio yeyunal de ratas sometidas a intensa desnutrición protéica

The effects of severe protein malnutrition on the morphometry of the intestinal wall in the jejunum of adult rats were evaluated in this study. Six 90-day-old Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were assigned into two groups: CG (Control Group, n = 3) and MG (Malnourished Group, n = 3). CG animals were fed a 26 percent-protein chow whereas controls were fed a 4 percent-protein chow. After 90 days, part of the jejunum was collected and subjected to routine histology. HE-staining and histochemical techniques - Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Alcian Blue (AB), pH 2.5/pH 1.0 - were used for the detection of glycoconjugates in 4µm -thick transverse cuts. Morphometric analysis of the HE-stained cuts revealed a decrease of the total thickness of the jejunal wall, mostly on the following layers: external muscle and mucosa - enterocyte height also decreased. Cuts stained by using histochemical techniques for the detection of glycoconjugates revealed maintenance of goblet cells reactive to PAS and AB pH 2.5, whereas the number of cells reactive to AB pH 1.0 increased. Protein malnutrition was concluded to provoke severe atrophy of the jejunal wall and an increase of sulphomucin secretion within the intestinal epithelium.

Fueron evaluados los efectos de la desnutrición proteica severa sobre la morfometría de la pared intestinal del yeyuno de ratas adultas. Para esto, se utilizaron seis ratas (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar, con 90 días de edad, distribuidas en dos grupos: GC (grupo control, n=3) y el GD (grupo desnutrido, n=3). Los animales del GC recibieron ración con un contenido proteico de 26 por ciento y los del GD ración con 4 por ciento de proteínas. Después de 90 días de experimentación, parte del yeyuno fue retirado y sometido a un procesamiento histológico de rutina. Cortes transversales de 4 µm fueron teñidos con HE y técnicas histoquímicas (Periodic Acid Schifff (PAS) y Alcian Blue (AB) pH 2,5 y pH 1,0.) para evidenciar glicoconjugados. El análisis morfométrico teñidos con HE demostró reducción en el grosor total de la pared del yeyuno, especialmente de las túnicas muscular y mucosa, además se observó una disminución en la altura de los entericitos. Los cortes teñidos con técnicas histoquímicas revelaron que el número de células caliciformes reactivas al PAS y al AB pH 2,5 se mantuvo; por otro lado, hubo un aumento en el número de células reactivas al AB pH 1,0. Se concluye que la desnutrición proteica severa provoca atrofia de la pared yeyunal y aumento de la secreción de sulfomucinas en el epitelio intestinal.

Quantification by computerized morphometry of tissue levels of sulfomucins and sialomucins in diversion colitis in rats / Quantificação por morfometria computadorizada dos níveis teciduais de sulfomucinas e sialomucinas na colite de exclusão em ratos

PURPOSE: To quantify the intensity of sulfomucin and sialomucin expression in the colon mucosa, by means of computer-assisted image processing, comparing segments with and without fecal stream and correlating with the duration of fecal transit exclusion. METHODS: Forty-five Wistar rats were subjected to diversion of the fecal stream in the left colon by means of constructing a proximal colostomy and distal mucosal fistula. They were distributed randomly into three experimental groups of 15 animals, of which 10 were subjected to colon diversion (experimental subgroup) and five were only subjected to laparotomy, without colon diversion (control subgroup). The three experimental groups were formed according to the sacrifice date, which was to be performed six weeks after the surgical procedure (Group A), 12 weeks (Group B) and 18 weeks (Group C). The sulfomucin and sialomucin expression in the colon mucosa was evaluated using the histochemical technique of high iron diamine-alcian blue (HID-AB). The tissue expression was quantified for each animal, in the segments with and without fecal stream, at a location where there were four complete contiguous crypts in two random fields, with the aid of the computer-assisted image analysis software. The final value was taken to be the mean reading from the two fields selected, in the segments with and without fecal stream. To compare the expressions of the two mucin subtypes in the segments with and without fecal stream, the paired Student t test was used. To analyze variance according to duration of exclusion, ANOVA with the Newman-Keuls post-test was used, setting the significance level at 5 percent (p<0.05). RESULTS: There were significant reductions in tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in the colon without fecal stream, independent of the duration of exclusion considered. There was increased tissue sulfomucin content and decreased tissue sialomucin in the segments without fecal stream, ...

OBJETIVO: Quantificar, por meio de processamento de imagem assistida por computador, a intensidade de expressão de sulfomucinas e sialomucinas na mucosa cólica comparando segmentos com e sem trânsito e relacionando-a ao tempo de exclusão de trânsito fecal. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e cinco ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos à derivação do trânsito no cólon esquerdo pela confecção de colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. Foram divididos de forma randomizada em três grupos experimentais de 15 animais, nos quais 10 foram submetidos à derivação do trânsito cólico (subgrupo experimental) e cinco somente a laparotomia exploradora sem desvio do trânsito fecal (subgrupo controle). Os três grupos experimentais foram formados segundo o sacrifício ter sido realizado em seis (grupo A), 12 (Grupo B) e 18 semanas (Grupo C). A avaliação da expressão de sulfomucinas e sialomucinas na mucosa cólica foi realizada pela técnica histoquímica da diamina de ferro alto alcian-blue (HID-AB). A quantificação da expressão tecidual foi determinada, para cada animal, nos segmentos com e sem trânsito, em local onde existiam quatro criptas contíguas e íntegras em dois campos aleatórios com auxílio de programa de análise de imagem assistida por computador. Adotou-se como valor final a média das leituras dos dois campos selecionados, nos segmentos providos e desprovidos de trânsito fecal. Na comparação entre a expressão dos dois subtipos de mucinas nos segmentos com e sem trânsito fecal utilizou-se o teste t de Student pareado. Para análise de variância segundo o tempo de exclusão utilizou-se o teste de ANOVA com o pós-teste de Newmann-Keuls, estabelecendo-se nível de significância de 5 por cento (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Houve redução significante no conteúdo tecidual de sulfomucinas e sialomucinas no cólon desprovido de trânsito fecal, independente do tempo de exclusão considerado. Houve aumento no conteúdo tecidual de sulfomucinas e diminuição de sialomucinas nos segmentos ...

Tissue quantification of neutral and acid mucins in the mucosa of the colon with and without fecal stream in rats / Quantificação tecidual de mucinas neutras e ácidas na mucosa do cólon com e sem trânsito intestinal em ratos

PURPOSE: To quantify the intensity of the expression of neutral and acids mucins in mucosa of the colon with and without fecal stream and to correlate this with the duration of fecal transit diversion. METHODS: Thirty male Wistar rats were subjected to fecal transit deviation in the left colon by a proximal colostomy and a distal mucous fistula. The animals were divided into three experimental groups, according to whether sacrificing would be performed six, 12 or 18 weeks after surgery. The expression of neutral and acid mucins was evaluated using the histochemical techniques of Periodic Acid Schiff and Alcian Blue, respectively. The tissue mucins expression was quantified by computer-assisted image analysis software (NIS-Elements) in the segments with and without fecal stream. Student's paired t test was used to compare the quantities of mucins in colon with or without fecal stream and variance between the experimental groups by ANOVA and Newman-Keuls post-test, establishing level of signification of 5 percent (p<0.05). RESULTS: There were significant decreased quantities of acid and neutral mucins in the colon without transit, compared with the colon with fecal stream, independent of the duration of exclusion. There was increased expression of neutral mucins in the colon with fecal stream after 12 and 18 weeks of exclusion. There was no increase in the expression of acid mucins in the colon with transit as the duration of fecal transit exclusion progressed. There was increased production of acid mucins in the animals submitted to diversion of the fecal stream for 18 weeks, compared with those subjected to diversion for 6 and 12 weeks. In the colon without fecal stream, there was increased expression of neutral mucins after 12 and 18 weeks of exclusion. CONCLUSIONS: Deviation of the fecal stream decreased the expression of acid and neutral mucins in the segments without fecal transit, compared with segments with transit. Regardless of ...

OBJETIVO: Quantificar a intensidade de expressão de mucinas neutras e ácidas na mucosa cólica provida e desprovida de trânsito intestinal relacionando-a ao tempo de exclusão fecal. MÉTODOS: Trinta ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos à derivação do trânsito no cólon esquerdo por colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos experimentais segundo o sacrifício ter sido realizado seis, 12 e 18 semanas após a cirurgia. A avaliação da expressão de mucinas neutras e ácidas na mucosa cólica foi realizada com as técnicas histoquímicas do Periódico Ácido de Schiff e Azul de Alcian, respectivamente. A quantificação da expressão tecidual das mucinas foi com auxílio de programa de análise de imagem assistida por computador (NIS-Elements) nos segmentos providos e desprovidos de trânsito fecal. Utilizou-se o teste t de Student pareado na comparação da expressão de mucinas nos segmentos com e sem trânsito e a variação na expressão entre os grupos experimentais pelo teste ANOVA e pós-teste de Newmann-Keuls, estabelecendo-se nível de significância de 5 por cento (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Houve redução na quantidade de mucinas neutras e ácidas no cólon desprovido de trânsito quando comparado ao cólon provido de trânsito, independente do tempo de exclusão. Ocorreu aumento na expressão de mucinas neutras no cólon provido de trânsito intestinal após 12 e 18 semanas de exclusão. Não houve aumento na expressão de mucinas ácidas no cólon provido de trânsito com o progredir do tempo exclusão de trânsito fecal. Ocorreu aumento na produção de mucinas ácidas nos segmentos com exclusão de trânsito por 18 semanas quando comparados aos animais submetidos à exclusão por seis e 12 semanas. No cólon desprovido de trânsito ocorreu aumento na expressão de mucinas neutras após 12 e 18 semanas de exclusão. CONCLUSÕES: A derivação do trânsito fecal diminui a expressão de mucinas ácidas e neutras nos segmentos desprovidos de trânsito fecal ...

mucin content a prognostic indicator in colorectal carcinoma?

To evaluate the mucin profile ofcolorectal adenocarcinoma by means of a histochemical study and to correlate mucin content and histological grade vis-a-vis prognosis. Descriptive study. Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi, from August 2004 to August 2007. Seventy patients who underwent surgical resection of sporadic colorectal adenocarcinoma over a 3-year period were evaluated for histological classification as to mucinous [MUC] or a non-mucinous [nMUC] subtype. They were further divided by histological differentiation into low-grade and high-grade tumors. The two groups were compared in terms of mucin content by histochemical techniques. Relationship between mucin content and histological grade was also analyzed. On the basis of mucin content all cases were divided into mucinous [MUC; n = 14; 20%] and non- mucinous [nMUC; n = 56; 80%] adenocarcinomas. The predominant mucin on histochemistry ofcolorectal adenocarcinoma [nMUC and MUC] was sialomucin. Tumors were further graded historically into low-grade [85.71%] and high-grade [14.28%]. MUC adenocarcinoms showed a higher proportion of high grade tumors. Both MUC and nMUC are distinct histological subtypes of colorectal adenocarcinoma. No relationship could be established between pattern of mucin secretion and histological differentiation, however there is a definite relationship between mucin content and histological grade. It could be concluded from this study that mucin content vis-a-vis histologic grade have an influence on prognosis. Further elucidation and follow-up is needed

Significance of Microsatellite Instability in Early Gastric Cancer Treated by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is defined as a change of any length due to either insertion or deletion of repeating units, in a microsatellite within a tumor when compared to normal tissue. MSI is closely related with genetic instability, particularly in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. MSI is found in 10-50% of all gastric cancers, suggesting that MSI may play an important role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between microsatellite instability and clinicopathologic features in early gastric cancers (EGCs) treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). METHODS: We analyzed clinicopathological features of 95 specimens of EGCs including MSI, histologic type, mucin phenotype, p53, VEGF, location of cancer, depth of invasion, incidence of synchronous and metachronous cancer, age, and gender derived from 94 patients, treated by ESD during recent 19 months were analyzed in this study. RESULTS: According to microsatellite stability, MSI was observed in 13 (13.7%) cases of 95 specimens. The incidence of MSI was increased in patients with cancer at lower part of stomach and female gender. There was no significant relation between MSI and clinicopathologic features including histologic type, mucin phenotype, p53, VEGF, and depth of invasion. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that there is no relationship between MSI and clinicopathologic features except tumor location and gender in ECGs treated by ESD. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the significance of MSI in EGCs.

Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the bladder with signet-ring cells: case report

CONTEXT: Primary adenocarcinomas of the bladder are uncommon and usually occur by contiguity with or hematogenic dissemination of other adenocarcinomas such as colorectal, prostate and gynecological tract carcinomas. Mucinous and signet-ring cell histological patterns are even rarer and it is often difficult to morphologically distinguish them from metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. CASE REPORT: We present and discuss a rare case of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the bladder with signet-ring cells in a 57-year-old male patient. Other primary sites for the tumor had been excluded and, in the absence of digestive tract tumor and for confirmation that it was a primary bladder tumor, an immunohistochemistry study was performed.

CONTEXTO: Adenocarcinomas vesicais primários são incomuns, o habitual é o comprometimento por contigüidade ou via hematogênica de outros adenocarcinomas como colorretal, próstata e trato ginecológico. O padrão histológico correspondente ao mucinoso e com células em anel de sinete é mais raro e, muitas vezes, há dificuldade em distingui-lo morfologicamente do adenocarcinoma colorretal metastático. RELATO DE CASO: Apresentamos e discutimos um caso de adenocarcinama mucinoso com células em anel de sinete primário da bexiga em um paciente masculino, de 57 anos. Foram excluídos outros sítios primários do tumor e, na ausência de tumor do trato digestivo e para confirmação de tumor vesical primário realizou-se estudo imunoistoquímico.